Urban heat island
arrosisarkar@gmail.com 
The roads of the city are getting wider and wider day by day to accommodate increasing number of vehicles on road. I am referring to my city Kolkata. Then we have large paved area for gathering of people, without any shade. A lot of concrete results in ‘urban heat islands’ (sketch 01; reason of heat island).
Probable solutions
Plant more trees:
Greenery reduces heat absorption and radiation in turn by Earth’s surface. We can save some heat by planting more trees
Trees with canopy in road divider:
Trees would bring shade, cut-off direct sunlight on road, resulting in reducing radiation from the concrete areas. (my sketch 02; tree shade over road)
Break the continuity of concrete in plaza:
If we insert some breaks in continuous concrete paved area, at least some radiation can be reduced. It does not hamper human movement. (my sketch 03; having a shade tree in a plaza)
Shade over walkways:
Pathways and walkways mean a lot of concrete paved area and a lot of heat. Any kind of shade over pathways would help reduce the heat gain. It can be trees or other shading elements made by man. (my sketch 04; shade over walkways), (photo 05; example of shaded walkways)
Cooler paving materials:
Use paving materials that reflect more, absorbs less sunlight, resulting in less radiation. Also, this kind of materials (example brick) cools faster than harder materials (like concrete), and trapping heat for lesser time. (my sketch 06; comparison of paving materials)
